最新刊期
卷 49 ， 期 4 ， 2024
- “针对官兵在高温高湿环境下训练时易发生的劳力性中暑问题，全军热射病防治专家组制定了一套热耐力重建技术方案。该方案涉及基本概念、技术要求、启动时机、实施评估及随访方案等多个方面，旨在为发生劳力性中暑的官兵提供有效的热耐力恢复保障。此举有助于降低官兵在极端环境下的健康风险，提升部队战斗力。”摘要：Officers and soldiers exposed to high temperature and high-humidity environments are highly susceptible to exertional heat illness and even heatstroke. Reports indicated that after conventional treatment, the heat endurance damage in officers/soldiers with exertional heat illness can persist for months or even years. Therefore, the Expert Group of Heatstroke Prevention and Treatment of Heatstroke of Chinese PLA has specially formulated a technical proposal for the reconstruction of heat endurance in officers/soldiers suffering from exertional heatstroke, aiming to provide a safeguard for reconstruction of heat endurance in affected personnel. This article mainly elaborates on the basic concepts, technical requirements, initiation timing, implementation assessment, and follow-up of the heat endurance reconstruction for officers/soldiers with exertional heatstroke.关键词：exertional heat illness/exertional heatstroke;heat endurance;military medicine;reconstruction
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发布时间：2024-05-13
Guideline and Consensus
- “最新研究报道显示，在2型糖尿病合并终末期肾病患者的治疗中，胰肾联合移植（SPKT）相较于尸体肾移植（DDKT）具有更高的移植肾和患者存活率。该研究通过深入分析美国器官资源共享网络的数据，发现SPKT组在多个维度均表现出优势。同时，研究还揭示了影响SPKT术后患者存活的独立危险因素，为优化治疗方案提供了重要参考。这一发现有望为T2DM合并ESRD患者的治疗带来新突破。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo compare the outcomes of transplant kidneys and patient survival between simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) recipients and deceased donor kidney transplant (DDKT) recipients in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and to analyze the risk factors affecting patient survival post-SPKT.MethodsClinical and prognostic data of patients who underwent kidney transplantation from January 27, 2003, to January 1, 2021, were retrieved from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database. A total of 50 230 cases were selected based on inclusion criteria, with 48 669 cases in DDKT group and 1561 cases in SPKT group. Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to compare transplant kidney and patient survival between the two groups, and propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance confounding factors between the groups. Cox regression model was used to analyze independent risk factors affecting patient survival post-SPKT.ResultsCompared with DDKT group, recipients in SPKT group had a younger median age (P<0.001), a higher proportion of males (P<0.001), lower BMI (P<0.001), shorter dialysis and transplant waiting times (P<0.001), a higher percentage of private medical insurance (P<0.001), a lower proportion of previous transplants (P<0.001), a younger age at diabetes diagnosis (P<0.001), and a lower incidence of peripheral vascular disease (P=0.033). Compared with DDKT group, the donors in SPKT group had a younger median age (P<0.001), a higher proportion of males (P<0.001), lower BMI (P<0.001), and a lower prevalence of hypertension and diabetes history (P<0.001). In terms of transplant-related factors, the SPKT group had a shorter donor kidney cold ischemia time (P<0.001), a higher degree of HLA mismatch (P<0.001), and a lower Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) (P<0.001) when compared with DDKT group. The SPKT group had lower serum creatinine levels at discharge (P<0.001), lower rates of postoperative delayed graft function (DGF) and acute rejection (AR) (P<0.001), but longer hospital stays (P<0.001) when compared with DDKT group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis curves, both original and after propensity score matching (PSM), consistently showed significantly higher transplant kidney and patient survival rates in SPKT group compared with DDKT group (P<0.001). Cox regression model analysis indicated that recipient age, recipient race, donor age, and donor kidney cold ischemia time were independent risk factors influencing patient survival post-SPKT.ConclusionsFor ESRD patients with T2DM, SPKT offers improved long-term graft and patient survival rates compared with DDKT. Recipient age, recipient ethnicity, donor age, and cold ischemia time for the donor's kidney are independent risk factors affecting post-SPKT patient survival.关键词：kidney transplant;simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant;propensity score matching;survival analysis;prognostic factors- 52
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “最近，兰州大学第一医院的研究团队揭示了2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血清铁蛋白水平与体脂分布的关系。该研究收集分析了151例T2DM患者的数据，发现高血清铁蛋白组患者的内脏肥胖指数和腰围明显高于正常组，且中心性肥胖、血脂异常、血糖控制差和胰岛素抵抗的患病率也更高。此外，研究还发现血清铁蛋白水平与多项指标呈正相关，而在不同性别患者中，影响血清铁蛋白水平的危险因素也有所不同。这一发现为T2DM患者的治疗和管理提供了新的思路。”摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between serum ferritin levels and body fat distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from June to November 2020, and all the patients were divided into high serum ferritin (n=50) and normal serum ferritin (n=101) groups according to their serum ferritin levels. The visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), liver fat, height, weight and waist circumference (WC) were measured, as well as blood glucose, lipid indexes, body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were also calculated. t-test or nonparametric test was used to compare the differences between the two groups, and the relationship between serum ferritin levels and body fat distribution was analyzed by Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and logistic regression.ResultsThe VAI and WC were significantly higher in high serum ferritin group [3.13(2.16,4.58) and (96.66±7.78) cm] than in normal serum ferritin group [2.66(1.66,3.81) and (91.96±9.75) cm, P<0.05]. The prevalence of central obesity and dyslipidemia was higher in high serum ferritin group (88.0% and 90.0%) than in normal serum ferritin group (68.3% and 75.2%); and the composition ratios of poor glycemic control and insulin resistance (96.0% and 62.0%) were also higher than in normal serum ferritin group (78.2% and 40.6%) (P<0.05), there were no statistically significant differences in BMI, VFA, and SFA levels, as well as antidiabetic drug use and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus between the two groups (P>0.05). Serum ferritin levels in T2DM patients were positively correlated with VAI, WC, triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FPG), HbA1c, dyslipidemia and serum creatinine (r=0.171, 0.207, 0.187, 0.243, 0.270, 0.162, 0.162; P<0.05), and negatively correlated with age, sex and diabetes course (r=-0.191, -0.434, -0.352; P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that in male T2DM patients, duration of diabetes and FPG were risk factors for increased levels of serum ferritin. However, WC and VAI did not significantly affect serum ferritin levels. In female patients with T2DM, the course of diabetes, TG and VAI were the factors influencing serum ferritin (P<0.05).ConclusionDyslipidemia and visceral fat accumulation are risk factors for elevated serum ferritin levels in female T2DM patients.关键词：diabetes mellitus, type 2;serum ferritin;body fat distribution;visceral obesity index;insulin resistance
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “科技新闻最新播报，肝细胞癌研究领域取得重要突破。研究团队分析了细胞色素P450家族成员CYP27A1在肝细胞癌中的表达与预后关系。研究发现，CYP27A1在肝细胞癌中表达降低，且与患者预后密切相关。过表达CYP27A1可抑制ROS生成，进而抑制肝细胞癌的恶性生长。这一发现为肝细胞癌的治疗提供了新的潜在靶点，有望为临床诊疗提供新的思路。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the prognostic significance and biological effects of cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 (CYP27A1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to preliminarily explore its molecular mechanism of regulating the malignant growth of HCC.MethodsThe Cance Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the expression level of CYP27A1 and its prognostic effect on HCC patients. The samples were divided into CYP27A1 high-expression group (n=170) and low-expression group (n=170) based on the median expression of CYP27A1 in HCC, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate gene sets associated with CYP27A1 expression. The subcellular localization of CYP27A1 was detected by immunofluorescence staining and search database. The over-expression plasmid of CYP27A1 was constructed and then transfected into the HCC cells MHCC-97H and HCCLM3 cell lines, including two groups, namely control group (transfecting empty vector) and CYP27A1 over-expression group (transfecting CYP27A1 over-expressed vector). CCK-8, flow cytometer, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence probe were applied to detect the effects of CYP27A1 over-expression on cell viability, apoptosis and ROS levels in HCC cells. Combining bioinformatics to analyze the correlation between CYP27A1 and the expression of ROS generation-related genes and HCC proliferation-related genes.ResultsCompared with the normal liver tissue, the expression level of CYP27A1 mRNA in HCC tissue was significantly reduced (P<0.01). The expression of CYP27A1 was significantly correlated with sex, T stage, tumor grade and tumor stage of HCC patients (P<0.05). Compared to the CYP27A1 high-expression group, patients in CYP27A1 low-expression group had lower survival rate (P<0.01). GSEA enrichment analysis revealed that the levels of HCC stem cell-related gene clusters and HCC proliferation gene clusters were remarkably increased in CYP27A1 low-expression group. The immunofluorescence showed that CYP27A1 was mainly located in nucleus in MHCC-97H and HCCLM3, whereas CYP27A1 was mainly located in mitochondria in HepG2. CYP27A1 over-expression attenuated cell viability (P<0.01), and reduced the ROS levels (P<0.05), whereas it had no effects on the apoptosis in HCC cells (P>0.05). The expression of CYP27A1 and the expression of inhibiting ROS generation-related genes were positively correlated (P<0.05), while the expression of inhibiting ROS generation-related genes and the expression of HCC proliferation-related genes were negatively correlated (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe expression of CYP27A1 was decreased in HCC, and down-regulated CYP27A1 promoted cell growth by enhancing ROS generation, although the precise mechanism requires future educidation.关键词：hepatocellular carcinoma;cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1;malignant growth- 31
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “最新研究报道，复方五凤草液负压滴灌治疗在压力性损伤领域取得显著成果。研究团队通过临床和动物实验，证实了该治疗方法能有效促进创面愈合，并初步揭示了其机制。通过抑制p38 MAPK/NF-κB信号通路，调节巨噬细胞极化平衡，为压力性损伤治疗提供了新方案。这一突破性的研究成果，为相关领域的研究和实践提供了新的思路和方法。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of compound Wufengcao liquid combined with negative pressure wound therapy with instillation (NPWTi) for the treatment of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ pressure injury (PI), and to preliminarily explore its action mechanism.Methods(1) Clinical research: from January 2019 to October 2022, 60 PI patients who were admitted to the Scrofula Department and Wound Care Clinic at Nanjing Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were randomly divided into normal saline NPWTi group and compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group, with 30 cases in each group. Both groups underwent NPWTi under the premise of systemic basic treatment, before treatment, after removing the negative pressure device in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks of treatment, the pressure ulcer scale for healing (PUSH) score, the wound bacterial culture detection rate and the wound healing time were counted, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) content of wound tissue was detected by ELISA method. (2) Animal experiments: 24 SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, normal saline NPWTi group and compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group, 6 rats in each group. PI rat model was established by local tissue ischemia/reperfusion injury method, and the negative pressure device was removed at the end of each day of treatment. Before treatment and 3, 7 and 10 days after treatment, the wound morphology of each group of rats was observed, the wound histopathology was observed by HE staining, the CD34 positive cells rate of wound tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), arginase-1 (Arg-1) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in rat blood and wound tissue were detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR.Results(1) Clinical research: Both groups could effectively reduce the PUSH score and the wound bacterial culture detection rate, shorten the wound healing time, and promote the expression of VEGF in wound tissue, the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group was better than the normal saline NPWTi group (P<0.05). (2) Animal experiments: Compared with blank group, the rats in the model group showed obvious wound inflammatory response and tissue damage, and the CD34 positive cells rate, blood and wound tissue p38 MAPK, NF-κB p65, iNOS and TNF-α levels were significantly increased, Arg-1 and TGF-β level was significantly reduced (P<0.05); Compared with model group, after 7 days of treatment, the normal saline NPWTi group and the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group significantly decreased the wound morphology score, the histopathological morphology was significantly improved, the CD34 positive cells rate was significantly increased (P<0.05), the levels of blood and wound tissue p38 MAPK, NF-κB p65, iNOS, and TNF-α were significantly reduced, and the levels of Arg-1 and TGF-β were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the compound Wufengcao liquid NPWTi group was better than that of the normal saline NPWTi group (P<0.05).ConclusionCompound Wufengcao liquid combined with NPWTi can effectively promote the healing of PI wounds, and its mechanism of action may be by inhibiting the activation and expression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby regulating the polarization balance of M1/M2 macrophages.关键词：pressure injury;negative pressure wound therapy with instillation;compound Wufengcao liquid;macrophage polarization;p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway- 27
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “科技新闻记者报道，关于血清肌酐与胱抑素C比值（SCr/Cys C）作为肌肉减少指数（SI）的研究取得新进展。该研究针对急性心肌梗死患者接受急诊PCI术后院内不良事件进行探索，发现SI是预测不良心血管事件的独立危险因素。研究结果表明，SI对于预测患者预后具有显著效能，为临床决策提供有力支持。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (SCr/Cys C) as a Sarcopenia index (SI) and the incidence of in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Additionally, we evaluate the predictive efficacy of the SI in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) during hospitalization.MethodsA total of 306 patients with AMI who underwent emergency PCI in the 904th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2020 to March 2023 were consecutively included in this retrospective analysis. Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of MACEs during hospitalization: MACEs group (n=43) and non-MACEs group (n=263). Clinical characteristics and pre-PCI laboratory test results were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MACEs. The predictive performance of SI was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsThe incidence of in-hospital MACEs in AMI patients was 14.1%.The results of the independent samples t-test showed that the SI level in MACEs group was significantly lower than that in non-MACEs group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that new-onset atrial fibrillation, Killip class 2-4, SI, and TG were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events after emergency PCI. The ROC curve results showed that the predictive value of SI (AUC=0.741, 95%CI 0.666-0.816) using the SCr/Cys C ratio was superior to that of single Cys C (AUC=0.658, 95%CI 0.570-0.746) for predicting post-PCI MACEs, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), and the optimal cutoff value for SI was 78.14. After stratifying SI based on the cutoff value, the results of the independent samples t-test showed that compared to the higher SI group, the lower SI group had a higher occurrence of specific adverse events such as heart failure (P<0.001), malignant arrhythmias (P=0.009), and strokes (P=0.003), with statistically significant differences.ConclusionsThe results highlight SI as an independent risk factor for MACEs during hospitalization after emergency PCI in AMI patients. Furthermore, SI has proven to be an effective prognostic index for patient outcomes.关键词：sarcopenia index;Acute myocardial infarction;major adverse cardiovascular events;serum creatinine/cystatin C;percutaneous coronary intervention- 60
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “科技新闻快报：江南大学附属医院的研究团队在结肠癌治疗领域取得重要进展。研究团队通过深入分析结肠癌根治术后患者的数据，成功识别出术后CCI≥26.2的独立危险因素，并据此构建了动态列线图预测模型。该模型可便捷、可靠地预测术后风险，为优化术前评估和制定精准诊疗方案提供了有力支持，有望促进患者快速康复，推动结肠癌治疗水平的进一步提升。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the independent risk factors of comprehensive complication index (CCI) ≥26.2 after radical resection of colon cancer, and use these factors to establish and verify a dynamic web-based nomogram model.MethodsThe clinical data of colon cancer patients who underwent radical resection in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from November 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected, and divided into main cohort (November 2020 to October 2021,n=438) and validation cohort (November 2021 to April 2022, n=196). CCI scores of all patients were obtained based on CCI calculator (http://www.assessurgery.com). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the risk factors for CCI ≥26.2, and a nomogram model was constructed. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC), C index and calibration curve were used to evaluate the differentiation and consistency of predictive nomogram model, and the decision curve analysis was conducted to assess the clinical benefits of the model. Internal validation of the model is performed in the validation cohort.ResultsA total of 438 patients were identified in present study, of which 63 cases (14.4%) had CCI ≥26.2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥60 years (OR=2.662, 95%CI 1.341-5.285, P=0.005), low third lumbar spine skeletal muscle mass index (L3MI; OR=4.572, 95%CI 2.435-8.583, P<0.001), NRS2002 ≥3 (OR=4.281, 95%CI 2.304-7.952, P<0.001), and preoperative bowel obstruction (OR=3.785, 95%CI 1.971-7.268, P<0.001) were significant independent risk factors for postoperative CCI ≥26.2. Based on these results, a static and web-based dynamic nomogram was established (https://jndxfsyywcwksyf.shinyapps.io/DynNomCCI/). The C-index and area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram were 0.742 and 0.787, respectively. The calibration curve indicated a good consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability. In the validation cohort, the nomogram also presented good discrimination (C-index=0.722, AUC=0.795) and predictive consistency. The decision curve analysis indicated the clinical benefit and application value of the nomogram prediction model.ConclusionThis easy-to-use dynamic nomogram based on 4 independent risk factors can conveniently and reliably predict the probability of CCI ≥26.2 after radical resection of colon cancer, which helps optimize the preoperative evaluation system, formulate precise individualized treatment strategies, and enhance recovery after surgery.关键词：colon cancer;comprehensive complication index;skeletal muscle mass index;nomogram model- 22
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “最新研究显示，动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者发病后，血清神经球蛋白水平变化可能预示迟发性脑缺血的发生。专家团队通过对217例患者进行深入研究，发现DCI患者的血清NGB水平明显高于非DCI组。研究还揭示，改良Fisher分级、Hunt-Hess分级及入院后3天血清NGB水平是DCI发生的重要风险因素。这一发现为aSAH后DCI的预测提供了新视角，有助于临床早期干预和治疗。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of serum neuroglobulin (NGB) levels in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and its clinical value in predicting of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI).MethodsA total of 217 patients with aSAH who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Neurology of Wuwei People's Hospital from October 2019 to October 2022 were selected. They were divided into DCI group and non-DCI group according to the occurrence of DCI after aSAH. The clinical data, and serum NGB levels on day 1 and day 3 after admission were compared between the two groups, and the value of serum NGB in prediction of DCI was evaluated by ROC curve. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors to DCI in aSAH patients.ResultsDCI occurred in 43 of 217 patients with aSAH (19.8%). Hunt-Hess grade and modified Fisher grade in DCI group were higher than those in non-DCI group (P<0.05). The level of serum NGB in DCI group was higher than that in non-DCI group on day 1 and day 3 after admission (P<0.05), and the levels of serum NGB on day 3 after admission were lower than that on day 1 in two groups (P<0.05). The decrease of serum NGB level in DCI group was lower than that in non-DCI group (P<0.05). ROC curves showed that serum NGB at 3 d after admission predicted a greater AUC for DCI (0.838) than serum NGB at 1 d after admission (0.706)(Z=2.139, P<0.05), with an optimal cutoff of 10.19 ng/ml of serum NGB, the sensitivity and specificity were 74.4% and 86.8% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of DCI in patients with aSAH were modified Fisher Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ (OR=3.790, 95%CI 1.531-9.382), Hunt-Hess grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ(OR=2.448, 95%CI 1.023-5.858) and increased serum NGB at 3 d after admission (OR=1.835, 95%CI 1.496-2.251).ConclusionsThe serum NGB level is relatively high in patients with DCI after aSAH in the early stage. The serum NGB level, modified Fisher grade, and Hunt-Hess grade are related to the development of DCI after aSAH, and the serum NGB level on 3 d after admission has high predictive value.关键词：aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage;delayed cerebral ischemia;neuroglobulin;prediction- 27
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发布时间：2024-05-13 -
Genotype and phenotypic analysis of AB type GM2 gangliosidosis: 1 case report and literature review AI导读
“科技媒体讯，广西壮族自治区人民医院儿科近期报道了一例4岁起病的AB型GM2-GLS患儿，经Trio全外显子检测明确诊断。研究发现患儿携带GM2A基因的两个复合杂合突变，并检索出相关文献报道20例该型病例。AB型GM2-GLS作为罕见的常染色体隐性遗传性溶酶体贮积症，基因检测有助于明确诊断，为临床诊疗提供了重要参考。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of AB type GM2 gangliosidosis (GM2-GLS) with onset during childhood.MethodsThe report analyzed the clinical data and gene detection results of a 4-year-old child with AB type GM2-GLS diagnosed by Trio whole exome detection in March 2022 admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital. The clinical data and genetic testing results are analyzed. A literature review was also conducted on relevant studies published between 1991 and 2022 in the PubMed database.ResultsThe results of Trio whole exome sequencing and Sanger verification showed that the GM2A gene carried two compound heterozygous mutations: c.158_159delTG and c.496G>A, which caused p.L53Rfs*3 frameshift mutation and p.G166R missense mutation, respectively. A total of 20 cases were reported in 22 articles. A total of 11 mutation types of GM2A gene were included in the ClinVar Database.ConclusionsAB type GM2-GLS is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease, and its gene test is helpful for definite diagnosis.关键词：ganglioside deposition;gene, GM2A;GM2 activating protein- 20
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发布时间：2024-05-13
Clinical Research
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Protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of pancreatic trauma in rats AI导读
“科技新闻播报：一项关于胎盘间充质干细胞（P-MSCs）对胰腺创伤（PT）大鼠保护作用的研究取得重要进展。专家通过对比实验，发现P-MSCs能有效改善PT大鼠的胰腺组织形态，减轻炎症反应，并促进组织修复。这一发现为胰腺创伤的治疗提供了新的可能性，有望为相关疾病的治疗开辟新路径。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) on pancreatic trauma (PT) in rats.MethodsSixty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, pancreatic trauma group (inject 1 ml of PBS solution locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area), and P-MSCs group [inject 1 ml of P-MSCs (1×106/ml) locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area], with 20 rats in each group. The pancreatic trauma rat model was established using a traumatic pressure of 400 kPa. Five rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 d after modeling in each group, and serum and pancreatic tissue were collected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and pathological scores were performed. The ELISA method was used to measure the concentrations of serum amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), as well as the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pancreatic tissue. The TUNEL method was used to observe the level of apoptosis in pancreatic tissue was observed by the TUNEL method.ResultsCompared with control group, pancreatic trauma group and P-MSCs group showed significant differences after pancreatic trauma, including the generation of peritoneal fluid increased (P<0.05), the ratio of pancreas to body weight and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage increased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO activity increased early and showed a decreasing trend over time (P<0.05), while anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and SOD activity showed an increasing trend over time (P<0.01), level of TGF-β1 in the early decline showed an upward trend over time (P<0.01), and the apoptosis index (AI) significantly increased (P<0.001). Compared with pancreatic trauma group, P-MSCs group showed an improvement in the overall morphology of pancreatic tissue, the generation of peritoneal fluid decreased (P<0.001), the pancreas to body weight ratio and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage decreased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, IL-6, TNF-α and MPO activity returned to normal levels faster (P<0.05); and the rate of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, TGF-β1 and SOD activity elevation increased (P<0.05), the AI increased (P<0.001).ConclusionP-MSCs can achieve therapeutic effects on pancreatic trauma in rats by promoting pancreatic tissue repair, reducing local and systemic inflammation, improving tissue oxidative stress, and enhancing pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis.关键词：mesenchymal stem cell;pancreatic trauma;oxidative stress;apoptosis- 29
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “科技新闻播报：最新研究揭示了蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132在改善慢性缺氧导致的小鼠记忆损伤方面的潜力。科学家们通过建立缺氧模型，探索了MG132对多巴胺能神经元的影响，发现它能有效抑制Ub-K48和Ub-K63的表达，同时上调TH表达，从而改善记忆功能。这项研究为治疗慢性缺氧引起的记忆损伤提供了新的可能性。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on memory impairment induced by chronic hypoxia in mice.Methods(1) A hypoxic model of the mouse midbrain dopaminergic neuron cell line MN9D was established using a hypoxia workstation. To observe the effects of hypoxia on the expression of TH, Ub-K48 and Ub-K63, MN9D cells were divided into normoxia group and hypoxia (12 h, 24 h and 48 h) groups. To observe the effects of MG132 on the expression of the above-mentioned proteins, MN9D cells were divided into normoxia group, hypoxia group and hypoxia + MG132 (25, 50, 100, 200 μmol/L) group. (2) A mouse model of memory impairment was established using a hypobaric chamber. To observe the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on the expression of TH, Ub-K48 and Ub-K63 in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) of mice, thirty C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally divided into normoxia group and hypobaric hypoxia (3 d and 21 d) groups, 10 in each group. To observe the effects of MG132 on spatial memory impairment induced by hypobaric hypoxia, twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally divided into normoxia group, hypobaric hypoxia 21 d group and hypobaric hypoxia 21 d+MG132 group, 8 in each group. (3) The protein expression levels of TH, Ub-K48, and Ub-K63 in MN9D cells which were either subjected to different durations of hypoxia treatment or pre-treated with MG132 prior to hypoxia treatment were detected using Western blotting (WB). The novel object recognition test was used to detect the memory function of mice. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the proportion of positive immunoreactive area of TH response in the SNc region. The expression levels of TH, Ub-K48, and Ub-K63 in the SNc region were detected by WB.Results(1) Compared with normoxia group, MN9D cells in hypoxia 24 h group showed increasing expression of Ub-K48 and Ub-K63 (P<0.05), and decreasing expression of TH (P<0.05), and MN9D cells in all hypoxia groups showed increasing expression of Ub-K48/TH and Ub-K63/TH (P<0.05). Compared with hypoxia group, MN9D cells showed decreasing expression of Ub-K48/TH and Ub-K63/TH in hypoxia + MG132 100 umol/L group and hypoxia + MG132 200 umol/L group (P<0.05). (2) Compared with the mice in normoxia group, mice in 3 d and 21 d hypobaric hypoxia groups showed decreasing expression of TH (P<0.001), and increasing expression of Ub-K48/TH and Ub-K63/TH (P<0.05) in the SNc region. Compared with normoxia group, the mice in 21 d hypobaric hypoxia group showed a lower new object recognition index (P<0.01), and the proportion of positive immunoreactive area of TH response in the SNc region (P<0.05). Compared with 21 d hypobaric hypoxia group, the mice in hypobaric hypoxia 21 d+MG132 group showed a higher new object recognition index (P<0.01).ConclusionThe proteasome inhibitor MG132 could alleviate the memory impairment induced by chronic hypoxia in mice, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Ub-K63 and Ub-K48, which in turn upregulates expression of TH in dopaminergic neurons.关键词：hypoxia;memory impairment;proteasome inhibitors;tyrosine hydroxylase;ubiquitin-lysine 48- 28
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发布时间：2024-05-13 -
Expression, prognostic relevance of P4HB in glioblastoma and its biological effects on tumor cells AI导读
“最新科技播报，科研人员深入探索了脯氨酸4-羟化酶β多肽（P4HB）在多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）中的作用。研究揭示了P4HB在GBM组织中的高表达现象，并发现其高表达与患者不良预后紧密相关。实验结果显示，通过敲除P4HB，可有效抑制GBM细胞的增殖和迁移能力。这一发现为GBM的预测标志物和潜在治疗靶点提供了新的线索，为未来的临床治疗提供了新的思路。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase β‑polypeptide (P4HB) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and its impact on clinical prognosis, as well as on the proliferation and migration of U87 cells.Methods(1) According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, GTEx database and GEPIA2 database, the difference expression of P4HB in GBM and normal brain tissues were analyzed by R software. (2) A total of 52 patients with GBM who underwent surgical treatment from February 2017 to December 2019 were collected from Department of Neurosurgery, the Second People's Hospital of Guiyang. The normal brain tissues of 10 patients were selected as controls. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression level of P4HB in tumor tissues and normal tissues. The Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test was employed for survival analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive valuable of P4HB expression in survival rate of GBM. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify the expression of P4HB and related clinicopathological factors affecting the survival and prognosis of the patients. (3) Human GBM U87 cells were randomly assigned into three groups: control group, NC-siRNA group and P4HB-siRNA group. P4HB expression was interfered with by the transfection of siRNA in P4HB-siRNA group. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the content of P4HB mRNA in U87 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and immunofluorescence assay were used to analyze the effects of P4HB on the proliferation of U87 cells. Scratch test was used to analyze the effects of P4HB on cell migration.ResultsThe expression of P4HB was significantly upregulated in GBM tissues compared with normal brain tissues (P<0.05). The γδ T cells (r=-0.227) and follicular helper T cells (r=-0.226) were negatively correlated with the expression of P4HB, while natural killer cell (r=0.417), macrophages (r=0.374), neutrophils (r=0.344), and immature dendritic cells (r=0.263) were positively correlated with the expression of P4HB. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the progression-free survival and disease-specific survival of GBM patients with high P4HB expression were significantly lower than those with low expression (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of P4HB in predicting overall survival rate of GBM patients was 0.982, and 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival was 0.655, 0.724, 0.861, respectively. The immunohistochemistry results suggested that P4HB protein was significantly highly expressed in GBM tumors. Survival analysis indicated that high expression of P4HB was associated with bad prognosis in GBM patients (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high expression of P4HB and TERT promoter mutations were the independent prognostic risk factors for GBM (P<0.05). Compared with control group and NC-siRNA group, the expression levels of P4HB were decreased significantly after transfected with siRNA in U87 cells of P4HB-siRNA group (P<0.01), and the proliferation ability and the wound healing rate were decreased significantly in P4HB-siRNA group (P<0.001).ConclusionsP4HB is significantly highly expressed in GBM, which indicates that the prognosis of patients is poor. Knockout of P4HB could inhibit cellular proliferation and migration of GBM U87 cells. P4HB may be used as the relevant predictive marker and potential therapeutic target in GBM.关键词：P4HB;glioblastoma;prognosis;proliferation;migration- 28
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发布时间：2024-05-13
Basic Research
- “科技新闻播报：组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）与抑制剂（HDACis）在牙源性干细胞（DSCs）成骨和成牙本质分化中的研究进展备受关注。专家深入探索了两者在细胞分裂分化、信号转导等生命过程中的协同作用，为DSCs治疗牙齿及骨损伤的临床应用提供重要参考。这一发现有望为相关领域开辟新方向，推动科技进步。”摘要：Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can deacetylate histones, leading to tighter DNA binding, and thereby playing a role in inhibiting gene transcription. On the contrary, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can promote chromatin relaxation, enabling various transcription factors to bind specifically to DNA and activate transcription genes. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are human adult stem cells. These cells have the characteristics of less damage and low immune rejection during sampling, and are especially important seed cells in the process of osteogenesis, odontogenesis and other differentiation. A large number of experimental studies have shown that HDACs and HDACis together play important roles in cell division and differentiation, signal transduction, regulation of cellular inflammation and other life processes. This review summarizes the research progress of HDACs and HDACis in regulating osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of DSCs, aiming to provide insights into the study of the interaction between HDACs and HDACis, and potentially guide clinical application of DSCs in the treatment of tooth and bone injury.关键词：histone deacetylase;histone deacetylase inhibitors;odontogenic stem cells;differentiation
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “最新研究显示，癫痫作为一种慢性脑部疾病，其病理过程中内质网应激及胶质细胞激活介导的神经炎症扮演着重要角色。专家通过深入研究，揭示了内质网应激可激活未折叠蛋白反应，进而通过调控NF-κB途径引发促炎信号，诱导胶质细胞激活，影响癫痫发生与发作。这一发现为深化我们对癫痫的认识提供了新的视角。”
摘要：Epilepsy is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent, sudden, and excessive synchronous discharge of neurons in the brain, leading to transient brain dysfunction, and inflammatory responses in specific regions within the central nervous system are common features of epilepsy. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the pathology of epilepsy, which activates the unfolded protein response, then regulate and control nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), efficiently induces glial cell activation through the release of pro-inflammatory signals, in turn affects epileptogenesis and seizures by triggering neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the close link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and glial cell activation-mediated neuroinflammation in epilepsy pathology, aiming to provide insights for a deeper understanding of epilepsy.关键词：epilepsy;endoplasmic reticulum stress;glial cell;inflammatory response- 21
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发布时间：2024-05-13 - “乳腺癌领域的研究取得了显著进展。专家深入探讨了肿瘤微环境对癌症的影响，特别是肿瘤相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）在乳腺癌中的作用。研究发现，CAFs通过调节免疫微环境、重塑细胞外基质等方式，促进乳腺癌细胞的增殖、侵袭、转移和耐药。这一发现为乳腺癌的早期筛查和治疗提供了新的潜在靶点，有望为乳腺癌的治疗带来新的突破。”
摘要：Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world, and many advances have been made in various types of tumor research in recent years. With the deepening understanding of tumors, the microenvironment for tumor cell growth has attracted more and more attention for its impact on the development and progression of cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as the most important components of the tumor microenvironment, can release cytokines, exosomes, and so forth in many ways to regulate immune microenvironment, remodel extracellular matrix and promote formation, migration, invasion, and resistance of tumors, while at the same time CAFs can be regulated by tumor cells. This paper attempts to explain the interaction mode between CAFs and tumors in the immune microenvironment and various ways in which CAFs can promote tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance and other malignant biological behaviors. Finally, the possibility of using CAFs as an early screening technique and new treatment method for breast tumors is discussed.关键词：breast cancer;tumor microenvironment;cancer-associated fibroblasts- 37
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发布时间：2024-05-13
Review
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