最新刊期
卷 51 ， 期 2 ， 2026
- “研究发现，IL-17C、IL-22RA1、MMP-1水平升高会增加冠状动脉粥样硬化风险，而sCD40L、IL-24、uPA水平升高则可降低该风险。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the causal relationship between circulating inflammatory cytokines and coronary atherosclerosis through bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsThe inflammatory cytokine data were sourced from the European population genome-wide protein quantitative trait locus (pQTL) study in the GWAS Catalog database (n=14 824), and the coronary atherosclerosis data were obtained from the FinnGen consortium (n=434 704). Methods including inverse variance weighted (IVW), colocalization analysis, and reverse MR analysis were employed, complemented by MR-Egger and weighted median methods, to comprehensively assess the bidirectional causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and coronary atherosclerosis.ResultsHigher levels of interleukin-17C (IL-17C) (OR=1.062, 95%CI 1.002-1.126, P=0.044), interleukin-22 receptor subunit A1 (IL-22RA1) (OR=1.115, 95%CI 1.004-1.239, P=0.042), and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) (OR=1.071, 95%CI 1.000-1.147, P=0.049) were associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis. Conversely, higher levels of soluble CD40L (sCD40L) (OR=0.967, 95%CI 0.937-0.998, P=0.036), interleukin-24 (IL-24) (OR=0.912, 95%CI 0.832-0.999, P=0.048), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) (OR=0.934, 95%CI 0.874-0.999, P=0.045) were associated with a reduced risk of coronary atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis was associated with lower levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) (OR=0.946, 95%CI 0.899-0.996, P=0.036), macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) (OR=0.948, 95%CI 0.902-0.996, P=0.033), T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (OR=0.918, 95%CI 0.872-0.966, P=0.001), and eosinophil chemotactic factor (CCL11) (OR=0.952, 95%CI 0.908-0.988, P=0.040).ConclusionsElevated levels of IL-17C, IL-22RA1, and MMP-1 are associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis, whereas elevated levels of sCD40L, IL-24, and uPA are associated with a reduced risk. Moreover, coronary atherosclerosis itself can lower the levels of VEGF-A, CSF-1, CD5, and CCL11.关键词：inflammation;circulating inflammatory cytokines;coronary atherosclerosis;Mendelian randomization14|249|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - ““TRUST TAVR REGISTRY”研究显示，TAVR可改善单纯AR患者术后1年心功能并逆转左心室重构。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on cardiac function and ventricular remodeling in patients with pure aortic regurgitation (AR).MethodsThis study utilized data from the real-world, prospective, multicenter, observational clinical trial "TRUST TAVR REGISTRY" (NCT06381271). Patients with pure AR who underwent TAVR at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University between October 2018 and July 2023 were included. Echocardiographic results were collected before TAVR, within 7 days after TAVR, and 1 year after TAVR to observe changes in cardiac function and cardiac structure in patients with pure AR after TAVR treatment.ResultsA total of 62 patients with pure AR who underwent TAVR were enrolled, including 35 males and 27 females, with an average age of (67.7±7.2) years. Echocardiographic results showed that compared with pre-TAVR, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) had a downward trend within 7 days after TAVR (45.81%±10.40% vs. 48.10%±9.86%, P=0.066), but the difference was not statistically significant. However, LVEF was significantly increased 1 year after TAVR (52.60%±7.93% vs. 48.10%±9.86%, P=0.001). Compared with pre-TAVR, there was a significant reduction in left ventricular dimensions and volumes at 1 year after TAVR, including left ventricular end-systolic diameter [(37.82±8.87) mm vs. (46.35±9.50) mm, P<0.001], left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [(51.56±8.30) mm vs. (60.66±8.36) mm, P<0.001], left ventricular end-systolic volume [(55.46±39.25) ml vs. (91.72±44.06) ml, P<0.001], and left ventricular end-diastolic volume [(112.53±50.87) ml vs. (172.64±60.32) ml, P<0.001].ConclusionTAVR can improve cardiac function and reverse left ventricular remodeling in patients with pure AR at 1 year after surgery.关键词：transcatheter aortic valve replacement;aortic regurgitation;left ventricular remodeling;left ventricular ejection fraction18|165|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “解放军总医院第五医学中心专家分析2019－2024年慢性HBV感染患者ETV耐药突变特征，揭示耐药模式转变规律，为临床合理抗病毒治疗提供依据。”摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the detection characteristics of entecavir (ETV) genotypic resistance mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from 2019 to 2024, aiming to elucidate the evolving patterns of ETV resistance and provide a basis for rational clinical antiviral therapy.MethodsA total of 4697 chronic HBV-infected patients who underwent HBV resistance mutation testing and received nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) treatment at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between July 2019 and July 2024 were included in this retrospective study. Based on the detection of ETV resistance mutations, patients were divided into ETV-resistance mutation group (n=547) and non-ETV resistance mutation group (n=4150). Viral genomes were extracted from serum, and the HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) gene region was amplified using single-tube nested PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing to analyze NAs resistance-associated mutations. Clinical data were analyzed using logistic regression to identify risk factors for ETV resistance.ResultsETV resistance mutations were detected in 547 (11.6%) of the 4697 patients. These mutations were predominantly found in patients with prior NAs therapy, mainly those receiving lamivudine (LAM)-to-ETV sequential therapy (66.5%) or LAM-to-adefovir (ADV)-to-ETV therapy (20.0%). Among the 59 detected ETV resistance mutation patterns, mutations involving the rtS202 site were the most common (302 cases, 55.2%), followed by those involving the rtT184 site (233 cases, 42.6%), and the rtM250 site (71 cases, 13.0%). Compared with non-ETV resistance mutation group, ETV-resistance mutation group had a significantly higher proportion of males, older age, elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, higher HBV DNA loads, higher HBeAg positivity rate, higher prevalence of HBV genotype C, cirrhosis, and a history of LAM therapy (P<0.05). Multivariable analysis identified age ≥45 years, HBeAg positivity, HBV DNA ≥3.0 log10 IU/ml, HBV genotype C, cirrhosis, and prior LAM therapy as independent risk factors for ETV resistance. Among the 184 patients who received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-based rescue therapy and were followed up, 148 (80.4%) achieved virological response at week 48. Notably, two patients receiving a TAF+pegylated interferon α (PEG IFN‑α) regimen achieved HBeAg seroconversion.ConclusionsAs a first-line potent oral nucleoside antiviral drug recommended by current guidelines, the clinical resistance pattern of ETV is evolving, with the rtS202G+rtL180M+rtM204V mutation combination becoming predominant. Older age, HBeAg positivity, high HBV DNA load, HBV genotype C, cirrhosis, and prior LAM therapy are key risk factors. For ETV-resistant patients, rescue therapy based on TDF/TAF in combination with PEG IFN‑α may be an effective strategy to achieve a functional cure.关键词：chronic hepatitis B;entecavir;genotype;drug resistance mutation18|0|0更新时间：2026-03-19
- “基于NHANES数据，专家研究发现AIP与胆结石风险呈非线性正相关，VAI与两者均相关但中介效应不显著。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and gallstones and to assess the potential mediating role of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) in this association.MethodsBased on data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020, participants aged ≥20 years were enrolled. Baseline data, including age, gender, ethnicity/race, and other variables, were collected. Participants were divided into gallstone group (n=627) and non-gallstone group (n=5238) based on whether they had gallstones. AIP, as the exposure variable, was grouped into quartiles (Q1-Q4) to assess its association with gallstones; VAI was included in the mediation analysis. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between AIP and the risk of gallstone. A multiple linear regression model was employed to assess the correlation between AIP and VAI. Subgroup analysis, interaction tests, restrictive cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and mediation effect analysis were conducted to explore the AIP-gallstone relationship and the potential mediating effect of VAI.ResultsA total of 5865 eligible participants were included, of whom 627 self-reported gallstones, resulting in a prevalence of 10.7%. When AIP was grouped by quartiles, the prevalence of gallstones showed an increasing trend, with rates of 7.1%, 10.0%, 12.7%, and 13.0% in Q1 to Q4 groups, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher AIP was significantly positively associated with an increased risk of gallstones (fully adjusted model: OR=1.81, 95%CI 1.33-2.44, P=0.0001); the risk in Q4 group was 76% higher than that in Q1 group. VAI was also positively associated with gallstone risk (OR=1.03, 95%CI 1.00-1.06, P=0.0421). Multivariate linear regression indicated a stable positive correlation between AIP and VAI (β=6.29, P<0.0001), which increased with rising AIP quartiles (P<0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed that this association was more pronounced in females, individuals under 60 years of age, non-Mexican Americans, and those with a high school education or higher, with an interaction effect observed for gender (Pinteraction=0.0418). RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between AIP and gallstone risk, with an inflection point at 0.37, where risk increased significantly with rising AIP prior to the inflection point. Mediation analysis suggested that VAI might play a role in the association between AIP and gallstone risk, but no significant mediating effect was observed (P=0.134).ConclusionsA significant nonlinear positive correlation exists between AIP and the risk of gallstones. Although VAI is highly correlated with AIP and is associated with gallstone risk, its role as a mediator was not statistically significant in this study, suggesting that its mediating effect in the pathway from AIP to gallstone risk remains unclear.关键词：gallstones;atherogenic index of plasma;visceral adiposity index;NHANES;cross-sectional study20|573|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “基于2011－2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据，专家采用横断面与纵向研究相结合的设计，发现我国中老年人抑郁症状加重与胃肠道疾病风险增加相关。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between depressive symptoms and gastrointestinal diseases (GID) among middle-aged and older adults in China.MethodsBased on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011-2018), a study integrating cross-sectional and longitudinal design was conducted. The cross-sectional analysis included 15,014 participants aged ≥45 years. For the longitudinal analysis, 8154 participants without GID at baseline were followed until 2018. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to examine the cross-sectional association between Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores and GID. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, Kaplan-Meier curves, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analyses were used to assess the longitudinal association between baseline depressive symptoms and incident GID. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness of the results.ResultsMultivariable logistic regression revealed that each 1-point increase in CES-D score was associated with a 6% higher risk of GID (OR=1.06, 95%CI 1.05-1.07). Compared with participants having no/mild depressive symptoms, those with moderate and severe symptoms had 76% higher risk (OR=1.76, 95%CI 1.61-1.92) and a 1.40-fold higher risk (OR=2.40, 95%CI 2.08-2.78) of GID, respectively. During follow-up, 1881 participants (23.1%) were newly diagnosed with GID. Multivariable Cox regression showed that each 1-point increase in the severity of depressive symptoms score was associated with a 4% increase in GID risk (HR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.05). RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear dose-response relationship between depressive symptoms and GID risk (P for overall association <0.001, P for nonlinearity =0.009). Subgroup analyses demonstrated consistent associations across subgroups (P for interaction >0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed that participants in the highest quartile (Q4) of CES-D scores had an 84% higher risk of GID (HR=1.84, 95%CI 1.58-2.16) compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1).ConclusionElevated depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of GID in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.关键词：depressive symptoms;gastrointestinal diseases;middle-aged and older adults;China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study21|1118|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “广州医科大学附属中医医院专家研究发现，慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并2型糖尿病患者发生呼吸衰竭时，外周血DcR3水平与糖代谢水平及预后相关。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) levels and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who develop respiratory failure.MethodsA total of 128 AECOPD patients with T2DM and respiratory failure admitted to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from December 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were stratified into quartile groups (Q1-Q4) based on DcR3 levels, and the general data of the four groups were compared. Logistic regression model was used to gradually exclude confounding factors with collinearity, and the correlation between DcR3 level and the risk of poor prognosis was analyzed. Sensitivity was tested using the correlation E-value method. LOWESS method was used to analyze the relationship between DcR3 and glucose metabolism levels. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into good prognosis group (n=81) and poor prognosis group (n=47). The general data were compared between the two groups, as was the prognosis of patients with different DcR3 and glucose metabolism levels. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the multiplicative interaction between DcR3 level and glucose metabolism indicators on prognosis, while an additive interaction was assessed using an interaction analysis table. The correlation between DcR3 level and poor prognosis was analyzed using restricted cubic splines and threshold effect analysis.ResultsLevels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer (D-D), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly different among patients with different DcR3 levels (P<0.05). After stepwise elimination of confounding factors by logistic regression model, DcR3 level was independently correlated with the risk of poor prognosis. LOWESS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between DcR3 and FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c. Stratified analysis showed significant differences in poor prognosis rate among patients with different DcR3 levels within the high-level subgroup of FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c (P<0.05). Specifically, in Q4 group (DcR3>6.32 ng/ml), the incidence of poor prognosis was the highest when FPG≥10mmol/L, 2hPG of 9-14 mmol/L and HbA1c≥10 %, which were 64.71%, 58.82% and 52.94%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, interaction analysis results showed that there was an interaction between FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c and DcR3 levels on patient prognosis in the additive model and multiplicative model. Restricted cubic spline results showed a nonlinear relationship between DcR3 level and prognosis (nonlinear test P<0.001). Threshold effect analysis showed that DcR3 level was significantly positively correlated with the risk of poor prognosis; specifically, when DcR3>6.00 ng/ml, the risk of poor prognosis increased significantly with further rises in DcR3 level.ConclusionIn AECOPD patients with T2DM who develop respiratory failure, peripheral blood DcR3 level is associated with glucose metabolism levels and prognosis.关键词：acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;diabetes mellitus, type 2;respiratory failure;decoy receptor 3;prognosis18|198|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “河北北方学院附属第一医院专家研究乳腺癌改良根治术后IGRT引发的AR经HBOT效果的影响因素，建立了Nomogram预测模型，为精准治疗提供依据。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the factors influencing the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for acute radiodermatitis (AR) induced by image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) following modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, and to develop a Nomogram prediction model for therapeutic effect.MethodsA total of 600 patients who received IGRT after modified radical mastectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2022 to January 2025 were collected as research objects for retrospective analysis. Using a computer-generated random number table, the patients were randomly divided into a modeling group (n=360) and a validation group (n=240) at a ratio of 6:4. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors associated with a final treatment outcome of grade Ⅱ or above AR in the modeling group. The "RMS" package in R language was used to construct a prediction model based on these independent risk factors. The model was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis. Internal validation was conducted using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that in modeling group, the proportion of patients with age ≥40 years, and those with hypertension, diabetes, immune deficiency, vascular disease, and a history of chemotherapy was significantly higher in the grade Ⅱ or above AR group than that in the lower grade AR group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified advanced age (OR=3.216, 95%CI 1.198-8.295), hypertension (OR=3.397, 95%CI 1.112-11.231), diabetes (OR=3.854, 95%CI 1.396-10.734), immune deficiency (OR=5.094, 95%CI 1.098-22.784), vascular disease (OR=5.743, 95%CI 2.084-15.804), and a history of chemotherapy (OR=7.553, 95%CI 2.804-20.622) as the independent risk factors for grade Ⅱ or above AR (P<0.05). Model evaluation yielded a C-index of 0.845 (95%CI 0.801-0.877), indicating good concordance and a positive clinical net benefit. Internal validation showed no statistically significant difference in the ROC curves and AUC values for predicting grade Ⅱ or above AR between the modeling and validation groups (0.838 vs. 0.827, P=0.487).ConclusionsCaution is advised when considering HBOT for patients with advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, immune deficiency, vascular disease, and a history of chemotherapy; HBOT should be postponed until these conditions are well-controlled. The prediction model developed in the study can be used to rapidly identify patients who may not be suitable for HBOT.关键词：breast cancer;acute radiodermatitis;hyperbaric oxygen therapy;therapeutic outcome;Nomogram prediction model16|0|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “依托开滦队列，专家探究了中国内脏脂肪指数与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险的关系，发现高CVAI值与发病风险呈正相关。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and the risk of digestive system malignant tumors based on the Kailuan cohort.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted, and a total of 101,510 participants who underwent the Kailuan health examination in 2006 were included. After excluding individuals with a history of baseline cancer, missing CVAI data and related covariates, 94 926 participants were finally included. Participants were categorized into 4 groups based on CVAI quartiles: Q1 group (CVAI<63.62, n=23 732), Q2 group (63.62≤CVAI<91.83, n=23 733), Q3 group (91.83≤CVAI<118.31, n=23 731), and Q4 group (CVAI≥118.31, n=23 730). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the impact of different CVAI values on the risk of digestive system malignant tumors. Subgroup analyses were performed according to participants' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and alcohol consumption status. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding participants who developed digestive system malignant tumors within 1 year of follow-up and those taking lipid-lowering medications, respectively.ResultsAmong the 94 926 participants, 75 748 were male (79.8%) and 19 178 were female (20.2%). The median follow-up duration was (14.1±2.7) years. By the end of the study, 2029 new cases of digestive system malignant tumors were identified. The incidence densities of digestive system malignant tumors in Q1-Q4 groups were 1.11, 1.38, 1.67, and 1.90 per 1000 person-years, respectively. After adjusting for relevant covariates, compared with Q1 group, the risk of digestive system malignant tumors in Q2 group (HR=1.15, 95%CI 1.02-1.31), Q3 group (HR=1.35, 95%CI 1.18-1.54), and Q4 group (HR=1.52, 95%CI 1.33-1.73) was significantly increased.ConclusionA high CVAI value is positively correlated with the risk of digestive system malignant tumors.关键词：Chinese visceral adiposity index;digestive system malignant tumor;obesity;visceral fat21|0|0更新时间：2026-03-19
Clinical Research
- “专家采用生物信息学方法分析类风湿关节炎与代谢综合征共病基因，挖掘出24个关键基因，建立诊断预测模型，为相关疾病研究提供新方向。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the shared gene expression signatures of comorbid genes between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) using bioinformatics approaches, identify potential biomarkers, and evaluate their diagnostic utility.MethodsThis study harnessed microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to explore gene expression patterns in RA and MS. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to uncover genes common to both conditions. Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), alongside protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, were employed to elucidate the biological roles of these shared genes. Key hub genes were subsequently screened using random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithms. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized to verify causal relationships between these key genes and RA. To translate these findings into clinical application, a diagnostic prediction model was developed using the XGBoost machine learning framework. The CIBERSORT algorithm and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were used to explore the correlations between hub genes and immune cell infiltration as well as metabolic pathway activities. Finally, the expression and potential roles of these hub genes were rigorously validated through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and clinical blood samples.ResultsAnalysis of the GSE93777 and GSE98895 datasets using limma R package identified 259 and 280 DEGs, respectively. Integration with WGCNA revealed 88 genes co-expressed in both RA and MS. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were significantly enriched in biological processes related to immune response and metabolic regulation. Subsequent refinement using machine learning algorithms (LASSO and random forest) pinpointed 24 key hub genes, which were then used to construct a prognostic prediction model. These hub genes demonstrated significant associations with immune functions and metabolic activities in peripheral blood. Additionally, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis suggested a potential causal relationship between signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and RA risk. Analysis of scRNA-seq data and clinical blood samples confirmed the diagnostic significance of two prominent hub genes: granzyme A (GZMA) and STAT3.ConclusionsKey regulatory genes shared between RA and MS have been successfully identified. The GZMA and STAT3 genes are positively correlated with energy metabolism processes, suggesting that the metabolic pathways in which they participate may be closely associated with cellular activities.关键词：rheumatoid arthritis;bioinformatics;machine learning;single-cell;metabolic syndrome19|377|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “宁夏医科大学专家研究发现，多梳样蛋白2（PCL2）可增强胶质瘤细胞迁移和侵袭能力，其机制可能与NF-κB信号通路活化相关，为胶质瘤治疗研究提供新方向。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of polycomb-like protein 2 (PCL2) on the migration, invasion, and expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins in glioma cells, and to explore its role in glioma invasion.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases were used to analyze the expression characteristics of PCL2 in gliomas. Ninety glioma tissue specimens were collected from patients admitted to General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, and the patients' gender, age, and tumor location were recorded. The expression levels of PCL2 in gliomas of different histological grades (Grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Lentiviral vectors were constructed, and glioma U87-MG cells were divided into control group, PCL2 overexpression group and PCL2 knockdown group. Cell motility, migration, and invasion were assessed by wound healing and Transwell assays; Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their related functions; Western blotting was employed to determine the expression levels of ECM-related proteins matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and MMP-9, as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway-related transcription factors urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2).ResultsAnalyses of TCGA and CGGA databases revealed that the PCL2 expression level in glioma tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05), and its level in high-grade (Grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ) gliomas was notably higher than that in low-grade (Grade Ⅱ) gliomas (P<0.001). The positive rate of PCL2 expression in glioma patients was 75.6% (68/90), specifically 51.7% (15/29) in Grade Ⅱ, 87.5% (14/16) in Grade Ⅲ, and 86.7% (39/45) in Grade Ⅳ. The wound healing and Transwell assays results showed that, compared with control group, PCL2 overexpression group exhibited a increased relative cratch width ratio (P<0.05) and an increased number of migrated cells (P<0.05); PCL2 knockdown group showed an decreased relative scratch width ratio (P<0.05). RNA-seq analysis revealed that 57 DEGs were identified in each of PCL2 overexpression and PCL2 knockdown groups compared with control group, and 119 DEGs were detected between PCL2 overexpression and PCL2 knockdown groups. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the functions of DEGs were enriched in ECM remodeling-related pathways and other processes. Western blotting results showed that, compared with control group, the expression levels of MMP9, MMP7, PLAU, and IL-8 in PCL2 overexpression group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression level of TIMP-2 was decreased (P<0.05); conversely, the expression levels of MMP9, MMP7, PLAU, and IL-8 in PCL2 knockdown group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the expression level of TIMP-2 was increased (P<0.05).ConclusionPCL2 promotes the migration and invasion abilities of glioma cells, which may be associated with the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.关键词：polycomb-like protein 2;glioma;invasion;extracellular matrix;nuclear factor-κB14|124|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “最新研究聚焦三阴性乳腺癌领域，专家深入探索FAM83D激活Wnt/β-catenin通路对TNBC细胞自噬、迁移和侵袭的影响，为癌症治疗提供新思路。”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of family with sequence similarity 83, member D (FAM83D) on autophagy, migration, and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods(1) At the tissue level, the expression of FAM83D in TNBC tissues was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and its correlation with patients' pathological stages and prognosis was evaluated. (2) At the cellular level, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of FAM83D in TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and BT549 cells). (3) MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into three groups: NC group (transfected with NC RNA), pcDNA 3.1(+) group [transfected with pcDNA 3.1(+)-FAM83D recombinant plasmid], and siRNA group (transfected with FAM83D siRNA). Cell autophagy was observed by monodansylcadaverin (MDC) staining. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of autophagy-related molecules [Beclin1, autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5), and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)], as well as biomarker molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway [Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 3a (Wnt3a), β-catenin]. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure cell proliferation activity. Wound healing assay and Transwell assay were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion abilities.ResultsThe expression levels of FAM83D in TNBC tissues and cell lines were significantly higher than those in adjacent non-tumor tissues and normal human breast epithelial cells (P<0.001). Moreover, the expression of FAM83D in TNBC tissues from patients with middle and advanced stages was higher than that from patients with early stages (P<0.001), and it was negatively correlated with patients' prognosis (P<0.05). Overexpression of FAM83D significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy of MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05), and simultaneously upregulated the protein expression of Beclin1, ATG5, Wnt3a, β-catenin, and also promoted the conversion of LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ (P<0.05). In contrast, knockdown of FAM83D significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy of MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05), reduced the protein expression levels of Beclin1, ATG5, Wnt3a, and β-catenin, and suppressed the conversion of LC3-Ⅰ to LC3-Ⅱ(P<0.05).ConclusionFAM83D may promote autophagy, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.关键词：triple-negative breast cancer;family with sequence similarity 83, member D;autophagy;Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway;migration and invasion15|271|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - ““”这段话用原文，不用改”
摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sufentanil (SUF) on neuroinflammation in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its regulatory mechanism associated with the high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) pathway.Methods72 healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, SUF-L (25 mg/kg SUF) group, SUF-H (50 mg/kg SUF) group, glycyrrhizic acid group (10 mg/kg glycyrrhizic acid, a HMGB1/RAGE pathway inhibitor), and SUF-H+DEX group [50 mg/kg SUF+2.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (a HMGB1/RAGE pathway activator)] group by simple random sampling, with 12 rats in each group. Rats in sham operation group only had the dura mater exposed without cranial impact. The TBI rat model was constructed using the Feeney free-fall method in the other groups. Modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was used to evaluate the neurological function of rats. HE staining was used to detect the pathological morphology of brain tissue. Dry/wet weight ratio was used to detect brain water content. TUNEL assay was used to determine the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in brain tissue. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6, IL-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) in brain tissue. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in brain tissue.ResultsCompared with sham operation group, rats in model group had a significant increase in mNSS score, brain water content, apoptosis rate of brain neurons, levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and the protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE (P<0.05), and a significant decrease in the levels of SOD and GSH (P<0.05), along with irregular morphology of brain tissue cells, prominent cytoplasmic atrophy, and decrease cell number. Compared with model group, rats in SUF-L group, SUF-H group, and glycyrrhetinic acid group had a significant decrease in mNSS score, brain water content, apoptosis rate of brain neurons, levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and the protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE (P<0.05), a significant increase in the levels of SOD and GSH in brain tissue (P<0.05), improved brain tissue cell morphology, and increased cell number. Compared with SUF-H group, rats in SUF-H+DEX group had a significant increase in mNSS score, brain water content, apoptosis rate of brain neurons, levels of IL-6 and IL-8, and the protein expression levels of HMGB1 and RAGE proteins (P<0.05), and a significant decrease in the levels of SOD and GSH in brain tissue (P<0.05), along with irregular morphology of brain tissue cells, and a reduction in cell number.ConclusionSUF may inhibit neuroinflammation in TBI rats by inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE pathway.关键词：traumatic brain injury;sufentanil;high mobility group protein B1;receptor for advanced glycation endproducts;neuroinflammation16|103|0更新时间：2026-03-19
Basic Research
- “介绍了其在糖尿病并发症领域的研究进展，专家们探索了铜死亡这一新型细胞死亡机制，为糖尿病及其相关并发症的临床治疗提供了新思路。”
摘要：Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus typically affect multiple systems and often occur concurrently. Despite the continuous updating of current treatment methods, formulating personalized regimens remains challenging. Cuproptosis, as an emerging form of cell death, shares similarities with ferroptosis in its mechanism. It involves excessive copper disrupting the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle and triggering proteotoxic stress, ultimately leading to cell death. In recent years, targeting cuproptosis, a novel cell death mechanism, has attracted significant attention in the research field of diabetic complications. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and its related gene targets in diabetes, and elaborates on the specific mechanisms by which cuproptosis mediates the occurrence and development of diabetic complications from multiple aspects, such as renal disease, myocardial lesions, and retinopathy, aiming to provide new perspectives for clinical treatment of diabetes and its related complications.关键词：diabetes mellitus;complication;cuproptosis;gene;tricarboxylic acid cycle;target17|0|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “介绍了知觉障碍性低血糖在糖尿病管理领域的研究进展，专家深入分析了其病理机制，为解决糖尿病患者血糖安全管控难题提供了新方向。”
摘要：Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), a core barrier to glycemic control in patients with diabetes, significantly increases the risks of cognitive impairment, mortality, and other adverse events. It has a particularly high prevalence among patients with insulin-treated type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), thereby emerging as a critical challenge in diabetes management. Current research indicates that the pathogenesis of IAH is not attributed to a single factor. Instead, it results from the combined effects of peripheral counterregulatory dysfunction (e.g., pancreatic α‑cell dysfunction, sympathetic-adrenal axis suppression) and central nervous system metabolic adaptation (e.g., abnormal function of glucose-sensitive neurons in the hypothalamus, abnormal cerebral lactate metabolism). These two mechanisms are interrelated and mutually reinforce the damaging effects. Regarding diagnosis, the accuracy of existing assessment questionnaires is relatively low due to the widespread adoption of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Although plasma epinephrine serves as the gold standard for detecting counterregulatory impairment, it lacks value for early diagnosis. In terms of treatment, approaches such as artificial pancreas systems, combination pharmacotherapy, and structured patient education have demonstrated clear efficacy. However, most pharmacotherapeutic interventions remain in the experimental stage. This review systematically summarizes the current research status of IAH, covering its clinical features, mechanisms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. It also conducts an in-depth analysis of the limitations in existing research. The review aims to provide directions for the subsequent development of precise diagnostic indicators, breakthroughs in targeted therapy, and optimization of clinical management, thereby helping to resolve the critical issue of safe glycemic control for patients with diabetes.关键词：diabetes mellitus;impaired awareness of hypoglycemia;impaired hypoglycemic counterregulation16|642|0更新时间：2026-03-19 -
Progress in the application of Mendelian randomization in etiology of venous thromboembolism 增强出版 AI导读
“孟德尔随机化为静脉血栓栓塞症病因探索提供新视角，专家从多方面总结应用进展，为VTE预防诊治带来新见解。”摘要：The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been gradually increasing and has become a significant contributor to the global disease burden. The exploration of VTE etiology has been constrained by confounding factors in observational studies and the challenges associated with conducting rigorous randomized controlled trials. Mendelian randomization (MR), which utilizes genetic variation as an instrumental variable, offers a novel perspective for this exploration. This paper summarizes the applications and research advancements of MR in the exploration of VTE etiology from 4 perspectives: lifestyle behaviors, various diseases, circulatory metabolic biomarkers, and the effects of medications on the causal relationship with VTE. It discusses the current challenges and future directions, aiming to provide new insights for guiding the prevention and management of VTE.关键词：Mendelian randomization;venous thromboembolism;genome-wide association study;causal inference19|0|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “阿尔茨海默病（AD）是常见的神经退行性疾病和痴呆病因，其发病机制和病理进展与小胶质细胞糖代谢重编程介导的神经炎症密切相关。专家聚焦于小胶质细胞糖代谢重编程在AD神经炎症中的潜在机制，阐述运动通过调控多种糖代谢酶及代谢相关的信号通路影响小胶质细胞糖代谢重编程，诱导其抗炎极化进而改善AD神经炎症的相关研究进展，并总结抗炎运动干预策略，为通过运动防治AD提供新的思路，推动AD运动疗法的临床转化。”
摘要：Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis and progression are closely linked to neuroinflammation driven by glycometabolic reprogramming in microglia. This article explores the underlying mechanisms of such reprogramming in AD-associated neuroinflammation. It reviews recent advances in understanding how exercise regulates key glycolytic enzymes as well as critical metabolic pathways. The analysis focuses on how exercise-induced adjustments in these pathways reshape microglial glycometabolism, promote an anti-inflammatory polarization, and subsequently alleviate neuroinflammation in AD. Furthermore, exercise-based anti-inflammatory intervention strategies are summarized. The review aims to provide a novel theoretical foundation and perspectives for preventing and treating AD through exercise, thereby facilitating the clinical translation of exercise-based therapies.关键词：exercise;Alzheimer's disease;glucose metabolism reprogramming;microglia;neuroinflammation18|395|0更新时间：2026-03-19 - “输尿管通路鞘在泌尿系结石手术中应用广泛且价值显著，能有效改善手术视野清晰度，降低肾内压，并提升结石清除率。新型输尿管通路鞘在优化结石清除率、调控肾内压及减少并发症方面展现出良好潜力，但仍需通过更多高质量临床试验明确其临床优劣势、验证安全性与有效性，进而推动其向精准化、个体化应用方向发展。”
摘要：Ureteral access sheaths (UAS) are widely used in urinary stone surgery, offering significant benefits by effectively improving the clarity of the surgical field, lowering intrarenal pressure (IRP), and increasing the stone-free rate (SFR). Novel UAS designs show promising potential for further optimizing the SFR, managing IRP, and minimizing complications. However, more high-quality clinical trials are required to clearly define their clinical advantages and disadvantages and to validate their safety and efficacy, thereby facilitating their development toward more precise and individualized application. This review provides a systematic summary of the clinical value and existing challenges of UAS and summarizes advances in the clinical application of novel UAS, aiming to provide a reference for their optimized clinical use.关键词：ureteral access sheath;urinary calculi;ureteroscopic lithotripsy19|195|0更新时间：2026-03-19
Review
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